Bio-Surfactant Assisted Aqueous Exfoliation of High-Quality Few-Layered Graphene

Realizing the efficacy of liquid-phase exfoliation technique to obtain a greater quantity graphene, this study demonstrates cost-effective bio-surfactant-assisted few-layer graphene (FLG) with low defect ratio. An ultrasonic bath without any toxic chemicals or chemical modification was employed exfoliate at room temperature. Several state-of-the-art characterization techniques such as TEM, AFM, XRD UV-Vis, and Raman spectroscopy were used confirm presence graphene. The dispersion exhibits typical Tyndall scattering red laser beam. After 7-h sonication dispersion, followed by centrifugation frequency 500 rpm for half an hour, concentration found be 1.2 mg/mL. decreases monotonically increase in frequency, higher causes sedimentation larger flakes removes adsorbed surfactant molecules from structures that collapse sheets into graphite. amino acid head-group facilitated aqueous solution well below critical micelle (CMC) surfactant. product all characteristic features FLG system. TEM AFM image reveals large-area wrinkle-free surface; these morphological properties are confirmed spectroscopy. This suggests sonication-induced process biocompatible can produce cheap, large-surface-area system wide range applications. Moreover, use probe sonicator alternative bath-type sonicator, together demonstrated technique, may reduce time needed, leads manifold yield.